Rav Yitzchak Berkovits, founder and director of The Jerusalem Kollel (www.thejerusalemkollel.com), is a widely respected authority on Halachah and well known for his telephone tapes on Shmiras Halashon. He is well known as a teacher and lecturer throughout Jerusalem and was ordained at the Mirrer Yeshiva, Jerusalem.
In a tragic chapter of our history close to the destruction of the Holy Temple, terrible infighting among the Jews living in Jerusalem existed. The zealots were bent on defending their city from the Roman onslaught and the sages were begging to surrender and live under Roman law. Rav Yochanan managed to save Yavneh and the sages, but Jerusalem was crushed by the Roman war machine. What unfortunate incident blackened the reputation of the Sages - causing the Romans to harbor an everlasting hatred toward the rabbis?
As the Jews began to branch out into various countries, the chain of Torah was stretched to the utmost. How was it possible to maintain the integrity of the Oral Law as new generations left for new lands? Rabbi Berkovits focuses on Egypt, and how the famed Miamonides received his untainted Oral Tradition, and passed it on.
Egypt was far from the only community that received a strong Oral Tradition. France became a center of Torah where Rashi and his grandchildren, the Tosafists became another branch of Torah as it was passed from father to son. Rabbi Berkovits examines the differences between Sefardic law according to the Shulchan Aruch, and Ashkenazic law according to the Ramah, and how it was possible to have diverse halachic opinions if all were tracing themselves directly back to the original Oral Law.
Rav Yosef Karo's masterful work of halacha, Jewish law was based on the majority decisions of the great Rishonim. However, there was another view on how to arrive at the correct conclusions that was quite the opposite. Why did R' Karo's view carry the day? And in a more general sense, what is rabbinic law, and how is it decided that something must be added to the existing legal structure?
Rabbi Berkovits continues to delve into rabbinic law by examining its origins in the Sanhedrin, the Jewish Supreme Court, that sat in the holy Temple. Those judges were the elite, with an incredible amount of prerequisites that had to be met before they were promoted to their position. Each one, such as the necessity to speak all 70 languages of the world, made sure that they would fully understand all people that came to settle their cases. However, the rabbis of today don't quite match up to those larger than life judges of yore. So why should we be expected to listen to their halachic rulings?
Just the word Holocaust is packed with fearful images of smoke, defenseless children, skeletal Jews and decimated communities. Where was God during all the devastation? For a moment, can we put our emotions and torment on hold to hear about our age-old responsibility of being the chosen nation? Rabbi Berkovits's clarity and gentle approach creates a powerful class on this almost untouchable subject.
How do all the memorials, reparation payments and revisionists' counterclaims help to heal a person's heart from that horrible nightmare? And why do youth, who mostly consider it just another historical event, have a vested interest to keep the lessons of the Holocaust alive? This beautiful lecture by Rav Yitchak Berkovits can also help to calm the fright people may continue to harbor by offering a healing way to look at this incomprehensible tragedy.
"Nothing is mundane or lowly in Eretz Yisrael--everything here is sublime," says Rabbi Berkovits. Hear a fascinating talk on the integral holiness ground into the soil of Eretz Yisrael. From the past to the present, from the historical to the political, get a sense of awe for this reality, where its very ground, people and country wondrously survive their enemies through one miracle after the next. As he explains, if you are considering aliyah to Eretz Yisrael, hear the best attitude you can adopt for a quick and total absorption.
In a world where so much is imperfect, wouldn't we all want Moshiach? Perhaps, if we didn't think further. Once we grow to appreciate challenge and the ability to be self-made, we feel less than wiling to give up the satisfaction of self-growth. Wouldn't we be better off if we waited just a bit longer? Why do we pray for Moshiach?
An often less well-known aspect of Shmitah is the nullification of all outstanding debts that goes into effect at the end of the seventh year. This presents many problems for those who still desire to be repaid. How did Hillel find a way to encourage the Jews to continue lending money with the enactment of Prusbul (a document that circumvents the nullification)? And how does one make a Prusbul today?